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UGC notifies new regulations on PhD degrees, here's what has changed
The ugc has announced new norms for phd degrees that include significant modifications to the qualifications for admission, the application process, and the evaluation procedures.
Topics Education ministry | Enrollment in PhD programmes | Indian education
BS Web Team | New Delhi Last Updated at November 10, 2022 22:37 IST

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The University Grants Commission (UGC) announced new regulations on PhD (Doctor of Philosophy) degrees earlier this week called "University Grants Commission (Minimum Standards and Procedures for Award of PhD Degree) Regulations, 2022". These rules will replace the rules notified in 2016.
According to the notification, the rules are applicable with the immediate effect. Here is a look at the new set of regualtions for PhD study:
- Students who have completed a four-year undergraduate course will be eligible for direct admission to a doctorate programme.
- Candidate should have a minimum of 75 per cent marks in “aggregate or its equivalent grade on a point scale wherever the grading system is followed”. In case the candidate does not have 75 per cent marks in a four-year undergraduate program, she has to pursue a one-year master’s programme and score at least 55 per cent.
- The new Rules discontinue the M.Phil programme altogether. However, that will have no bearing on those holding or pursuing M.Phil degrees currently.
- Universities and colleges will be free to admit students through the NET (National Eligibility Test)/JRF (Junior Research Fellowship) qualification route as well as entrance exams at the level of the institutions.
- If an individual institution can holds its own entrance tests to admit students, then the candidates need not write the NET or similar exams. The “entrance test shall consist of 50 per cent research methodology and 50 per cent subject specific,” the rules say. Where the selection is done by entrance tests conducted by individual universities, a weightage of 70 per cent will be given to performance in the written test, and 30 per cent to the interview.
- Entrance requirements for the new EWS (Economically Weaker Section) category have been relaxed by 5 per cent.
- UGC has introduced a new requirement for PhD scholars, irrespective of discipline, to train in teaching / education/ pedagogy/ writing related to their chosen subject during their doctoral period. They may also be assigned four to six hours per week of teaching/ research assistantship for conducting tutorial or laboratory work and evaluations.
- It is no longer required to publish research articles in peer-reviewed publications or present in conferences.
- Working professionals can now enrol in part-time PhD programmes. The institute will require a “No Objection Certificate (NOC)” from the appropriate authority in the organisation where the candidate is employed. The NOC should clearly mention that she is permitted to pursue studies on a part-time basis.
While talking to Business Standard about the new regulations, Kamlesh Vyas, Partner, Deloitte India said, " UGC has brought in some major changes in the PhD program especially with respect to eligibility, publication of research papers, part time PhDs etc. The eligibility requirements have been simplified and streamlined with global practices where now those with a 4-year degree with research or distinction or other graduates after first year of Master degree program are eligible for PhD. The idea to allow part-time PhDs is another positive step which will open up opportunities for working people. Both these steps will enable many more people to undertake PhD. The concession to students from certain categories may lead to misuse and may affect quality of talent coming into the PhD programmes."
He further said that the decision to do away with requirements of research publication is another step in taking away something that created little value with mushrooming of ‘paid-for’ journals publishing anything and everything. This will help more people complete the PhDs they start, he said.
"Another positive step is to allow the faculty members to take up additional foreign scholars for supervision- this will attract research scholars to Indian higher education institutions. Also, the decision to allow women and people with disability additional time to complete their PhDs is a thoughtful one. ," Vyas told Business Standard .
However, Vyas also said that at an overall level, it is hoped that the new progressive regulations will lead to addressing the challenge of quantum and quality of resarch in India. "This will also contribute to addressing the challenge of shortage of faculty members in higher education in India in the next few years," he said to Business Standard .
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First Published: Thu, November 10 2022. 22:37 IST
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Part-time PhD, PhD for graduates, Entrance test for PhD: Know the new UGC Rules on PhD Admission in India
New Rules on PhD Admission in India
The University Grants Commission, UGC has implemented new regulations on PhD (Doctor of Philosophy) degrees from 7 November 2022. Known as " UGC Minimum Standards and Procedures for Award of PhD Degree Regulations 2022 ," these rules have replaced the erstwhile rules notified in 2016. The new regulation modifies the eligibility requirements, admissions process, and evaluation methodologies governing doctoral programmes in colleges and universities of the country.

With this move, India has simplified and streamlined the rules governing research programs and brought them in line with the prevalent global practices. Just so you know, these guidelines were released for feedback from stakeholders in March 2022 itself. By incorporating several feedbacks into the draft, it has finally been notified and implemented across the country since 7 November 2022.
Students and scholars pursuing, or planning to pursue, a PhD through old criteria have nothing to worry about as the new rules will have no effect on the status quo. To elaborate further, candidates pursuing or having completed MPhil will continue to remain eligible for admission to PhD programmes.
Now Graduates can do PhDs
Students who have completed a 4-year undergraduate course, or completed the first year of PG after a 3-year graduation, are now eligible for direct admission to a doctorate programme. Be mindful that a minimum of 75 per cent marks in aggregate OR a Cumulative Grade Point Average (CGPA) of 7.5 is a must to apply for PhD programs.
What about 3-year bachelor's Degree students now studying in PG? How to calculate their marks?
In case you don't have 75 per cent aggregate marks in graduation (be it a 3 or 4 years course), pursue a one-year master's programme and score at least 55 per cent in that and you become eligible.
MPhil Program gets dropped!
The new Rules discontinue the Phil programme altogether. However, that will have no bearing on those holding or pursuing M.Phil degrees currently. So M.Phil students can now take a deep sigh of relief.
No Need for UGC NET/JRF
Universities and colleges will be free to admit students through the NET (National Eligibility Test)/JRF (Junior Research Fellowship) qualification route as well as entrance exams; whatever they wish!
The individual institution can holds entrance tests to admit students to PhD programs. The "entrance test shall consist of 50 per cent research methodology and 50 per cent subject-specific". Those clearing the entrance test will get admission into the course irrespective of whether they have passed the UGC NET/JRF or not.
So can we say goodbye to UGC NET?
Rules regarding entrance test for PhD admission:
The entrance Exam must consist of a Written Test (70% weightage) and a Personal Interview (30% weightage).
As per the new guidelines, PhD students may be given 4 to 6 hours per week of teaching/research assistantship for conducting tutorial or laboratory work and evaluations.
Freedom from publishing research articles
In a relief to many scholars, the mandatory requirement to publish research articles in peer-reviewed publications or present them at conferences has been done away with. The reason behind this move is mushrooming of 'paid-for' journals publishing anything and everything (read garbage) just to help students fulfil the legal requirements for getting the coveted degree.
Concept of Part-time PhD Degree
After a part-time MBA, here comes a part-time PhD program for working professionals. Candidates, however, have to submit a "No Objection Certificate (NOC)" issued by the employers to the college. It's important to know for the college that the employer has no problem in letting the employee study for a part-time degree.
Good News for EWS Students
The revised regulations provide for a 5% relaxation in the entrance test for EWS students.
Benefits of the new rule
Scrapping the requirement of research publication will help more people complete the PhDs they start.
- It is hoped that the new progressive regulations will improve the quality of research in India. By opening up the field to almost all aspirants, the move will also increase the pool of scholars and address the shortage of faculty members in higher education in India in the coming few years.
- Faculty members with less than three years of service before superannuation shall not be allowed to supervise new research scholars. Most of the time they retire before their disciple can complete their PhDs and thus leaving them in the lurch and in search of a new guide derailing their efforts.
- Now each supervisor can guide up to two international research scholars on a supernumerary basis over and above the permitted number of PhD scholars.
- The higher education institutes have been given the freedom to decide their own selection procedure for PhD admission of international students. However, they do have to toe the guidelines/norms set by statutory/regulatory bodies regarding admission.
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Explained | New regulations for awarding PhDs
Will the university grants commission’s move to remove the mandatory requirement to publish a research paper reduce pressure on doctoral scholars what led to the need to introduce new rules how have the latest regulations been received.
November 13, 2022 10:52 pm | Updated November 14, 2022 07:05 pm IST

PhD awards | Photo Credit: Getty Images/iStockphoto
The story so far: The University Grants Commission (UGC) has made sweeping changes in its latest regulations governing the award of PhDs. Important changes such as abolishing of MPhils, relaxing course work for obtaining PhDs and allowing candidates to register for a PhD after finishing four years of a graduation programme, have been seen as steps that could lead to diminishing academic rigour as well as impediments to inclusivity in higher education.
What are the key changes?
The UGC on November 7, 2022 notified the University Grants Commission (Minimum Standards and Procedures for Award of PhD Degree) Regulations, 2022. One of the notable changes it made was to the evaluation and assessment criteria for the award of the degree, where it has waived the need to mandatorily publish a research paper in a peer-reviewed journal. This is accompanied by completely abolishing MPhil, which has been a gateway for PhD programmes, in line with the recommendation in the National Education Policy 2020. The eligibility criteria for admissions too have been revised, and a candidate can register after completing a one-year (or two semester) master’s degree programme after a four-year (or 8-semester) bachelor’s degree programme or a two-year (or four-semester) master’s degree programme after a three-year bachelor’s degree programme with at least 55% marks or its equivalent grade.
There are also important changes to course work. Earlier, the description of course work candidates needed to finish was more detailed, with at least four credits assigned to courses on research methodology. Candidates were also required to finish this either in the first semester, or by the second semester. Only candidates who were awarded MPhil or had completed their MPhil were exempted. But the new regulations leave it more open ended and says that all PhD scholars “shall be required to train in teaching/ education/ pedagogy/ writing related to their chosen PhD subject.” They can also now be assigned 4-6 hours per week of teaching/research assistantship for conducting tutorial, or laboratory work and evaluations.
The UGC now also allows part-time PhDs, a practice that was disallowed under the 2009 and 2016 regulations.
How will research scholars be evaluated under the new regulations?
PhD scholars will be required to undertake research work after completing their course work, make a presentation and produce a draft dissertation or thesis. If the evaluation of the submission is satisfactory, the candidate will have to defend the thesis in a public viva voce. They will not have to publish a research paper in refereed journal and make two paper presentations in conferences or seminars before submitting the thesis. The Chairman of UGC M. Jagadesh Kumar says that while publishing a paper in a peer-reviewed journal is not mandatory anymore in order to curb unethical practices such as pay-to-publish or plagiarism, students should be motivated and trained to publish in peer-reviewed journals and present at conferences. He says that a one-size-fits-all approach is not desirable as doctorals in computer science prefer presenting their papers at conferences rather than publishing them in journals. Former UGC Chairman and Ambedkarite, Sukhdaeo Thorat, welcomed the move to discontinue publishing papers in journals as it would often lead poor candidates to pay to get published like their peers, as well as put them at a disadvantage as they wouldn’t have contacts to get published. However, Jamia Milia Islamia Professor Furqan Qamar says that while these concerns are valid, there is a need to provide enhanced and cost-effective opportunities to the researcher to publish as there is a limited availability of quality journals but far more researchers. He cites from the Scopus database of scientific publications for 2020 to point out that India accounted for only 4.52% of total research papers in the world though it accounts for 12% of the global faculty pool.
Are there other concerns?
Experts like Professor Thorat say that discontinuing MPhils, along with the introduction of four-year BA course and 2-year MA course with multiple exits will hurt socially disadvantaged groups who may not be able to pay for longer-duration courses and may have to exit earlier, which will put them at a disadvantage in the job market. He adds that while a four-year Bachelors course will allow some students to pursue Masters abroad without studying for one more year, others will be discriminated against. Though UGC says the move is intended to attract younger students for research.
There are also concerns over diminishing scholarships and fellowships to support PhD scholars as well as severe shortage of teachers, impacting the number of research supervisors available.
“Until the 2009 regulations were notified, the award of PhDs, their evaluation, course-work was not regulated. Part-time PhDs were also widely prevalent. In 2016, these were strengthened and publishing a paper in peer-reviewed journals was made mandatory. However, the changes being brought in the latest regulations take us back to the pre-2009 era,” says Professor Qamar.
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New Delhi: Academicians are wary of the University Grants Commission (UGC)’s latest regulation which says that students who have completed a four-year undergraduate course can now directly pursue a doctoral degree. Academics say these students will have no research experience and will be lost in the first few years of their study.
Another argument raised by academicians was that the implementation of the four-year undergraduate programme, as devised under the National Education Policy (NEP), has not been brought into effect in all universities. Since this undergraduation is a prerequisite for a direct entry into the PhD program, current students will have to continue to pursue a Master’s degree to be eligible for the same.
Rohit, Assistant Professor at the Jawaharlal Nehru University (JNU), said that in the Indian higher education system, every programme has served a purpose. The bachelors course introduces the student to a subject, master’s offers a specialisation, an M.Phil degree gives them an interim training to conduct research and then ultimately the PhD helps them establish themselves as a subject matter expert. The latest regulations disrupt this structure.
He said “It does seem like the UGC is trying to emulate the American system of an integrated PhD but it stands to do more damage than good. Without specialised knowledge in a discipline, no student can write a doctoral research paper, be it a humanities or a sciences student.”
Adding that the move will discourage students from joining doctoral programs, he argued “At JNU we have seen the academic rigour of students improve with time and degrees. Students who have not had excellent education in their undergraduate degree will naturally shy away from going for a doctorate when they are not able to perform on par with their contemporaries in their graduate degree courses or masters courses itself.”
Also Read: ‘Need well-rounded professionals’ — why IITs, IIMs & IIITs are giving humanities a new thrust
Removal of M.Phil, master’s programmes
Associate Professor Debraj Mookerjee of the Ramjas College in Delhi University said the scrapping of the clause mandating students to publish research papers in journals is a positive move. However, the decision to remove the M.Phil and master’s programme will force students to spend the first couple of years of the doctoral study in learning research methodology.
He said “The bachelors and master’s programme in our country is designed in a way where students do not get to conduct any research. While the M.Phil programme gave them the space to conduct a full-fledged research, its removal will pose an issue for aspiring doctorate students. They will be forced to spend the first couple of years of their doctoral study trying to figure out the process.”
Srikanth Kondapalli, the Dean of School of International Studies and a Professor of China studies at the JNU, said that while the move seems to be a measure by the UGC to implement the NEP, there are not enough undergraduate colleges with a four-year programme.
“The scrapping of the M.Phil degree made sense since it now makes the pursuit of a doctorate degree at par with universal standards. However, at JNU, where students from all regions and strata of the society come in, the M.Phil served as a preparatory course for those students who did not have the calibre to pursue a doctoral degree.”
He added, “Since the implementation of the NEP’s four-year-long undergraduate programmes has not been brought into effect in all universities across the country, this provision stands to help tech students more.”
On removal of the need for publishing research articles in peer-reviewed publications, Prof Mookerjee said, “For the past couple of years, we have witnessed an increase in the number of bogus journals in which students would pay money to get published. This provision will put a stop to publication of poor quality research papers.”
Learning right methodology is vital
Prof Pankaj Kumar of the Allahabad University said that the UGC has made the higher education institutions a field of rigorous experimentation. Research for all doctoral students has to be an endeavour that they can achieve only if they have an academic bent of mind and have the motivation to conduct research on their own.
He said, “Students have lost the bent for research post the coming of the internet. Most of their work is a simple copy and paste. In addition to this, with the removal of courses that teach them how to conduct research, students will not be able to conduct research.”
He added that pre-doctoral courses, at par with international standards, is the need of the hour so that interested students can learn the right methodology and design to work towards their doctorate degree.
The new PhD regulations — “University Grants Commission (Minimum Standards and Procedures for Award of PhD Degree) Regulations, 2022” — says a candidate should have a minimum of 75 per cent marks in “aggregate or its equivalent grade on a point scale wherever the grading system is followed”.
If not, the student has to pursue a one-year master’s programme and score at least 55 per cent.
The rules further say “A 1-year master’s degree programme after a 4-year bachelor’s degree programme, or a 2-year master’s degree programme after a 3-year bachelor’s degree programme, or qualifications declared equivalent to the master’s degree by the corresponding statutory regulatory body, with at least 55 per cent marks in aggregate or its equivalent grade in a point scale wherever grading system is followed” will be required.
The UGC has removed the clause “publishing paper in a peer-reviewed journal” as mandatory for a PhD. The 2016 regulations had said that PhD scholars “must publish at least one research paper in a refereed journal and make two paper presentations in conferences/seminars before the submission of the dissertation/thesis for adjudication”.
The latest regulations by UGC have also brought in several provisions to improve the quality of research by students and aid provided by their mentors/guides. Women candidates and persons with disability will be given extra time to finish their research.
Scholars who were previously required to appear before the Research Advisory Committee to present their findings and progress once every six months will now have to do so every semester.
The new rules bars faculty members with less than three years of service left before superannuation from taking new students. While the move encourages the entry of an increased number of students into PhD programs, the previously proposed common entrance test for PhDs has been left out.
The new regulations also allow each supervisor to guide up to two international research scholars in addition to their domestic students.
(Edited by Geethalakshmi Ramanathan)
Also Read: Only 34% Indian schools have internet access, less than 50% have functional computers, shows data
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New PhD Rules Have Professors Worried About Research Quality, Academic Rigour
“in many ways i feel that the quality of the phd thesis would in general go down,” a du professor tells the quint..

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"Teachers found supervising PhD programmes tough even after three years of graduation, two years of masters, and two years of MPhil – all this training wasn’t a waste of time," Sucharita Sen, a professor at Delhi's Jawaharlal Nehru University , tells The Quint.
Last week, the University Grants Commission (UGC) notified glaring modifications to the eligibility and evaluation procedures of PhD programmes across disciplines.
One of the most notable changes introduced by the governing body is in the eligibility criteria, with candidates, who have scored above a CGPA of 7.5, now being given the green light to apply for a PhD after completing a four-year Bachelor's degree.
This is accompanied by utterly scrapping the MPhil programme, which has previously been a gateway course to pursuing a PhD.
The Quint spoke to academics to understand the impact of these regulations on PhD programmes, many of whom expressed concerns about the probable dilution of student research in the country.
Disrupting the Structure
For students of social sciences, a PhD candidate would normally complete a three-year undergraduate programme, followed by a two-year master's, and then a two-year MPhil.
‘How Will We Finish Course On Time?’: Profs Decry DU Academic Calendar

Speaking to The Quint , Vijaya Venktaraman, Professor of Germanic and Romance Studies at the Arts Faulty, says, "It's almost seven years of training before, four years of which are specialised training, after which they enter a PhD programme. Now compare that with a student who enters after four or five years into a PhD."
She underlines further,
"So the structure that you're seeing right now, which has been kind of floated in Delhi University, envisages some research at the fourth year level, but in actual practice, that research is going to be very flawed and insignificant, because the students have not reached the level of competence to do research."
Scrapping of MPhil, Dilution of Academic Rigour & Quality of Research
Professor Venktaraman laments the abolishing of MPhil programmes and underlines its importance for humanities.
"Especially in the humanities, I would say that the MPhil programme was an important programme because it allowed students to do a small research degree in over two years," Venktaraman stated.
Professor Sen echoed the same concerns, saying that now there is a great dilution in who can enter a PhD programme.
“So the requirement of education to do PHD is going down and you’ve completely cut out MPhil, which was exactly a training for PHD,” underlines Sen.
“Further, what is happening is that the subject in which the specialisation is being sought, that four-year programme, too, is being redesigned in a fashion so some interdisciplinary courses are coming in….however, this should not replace the rigour of the subject that is being taught.”
With undergraduate courses broadening their field of study, and decreasing training periods, the professor stipulates,
“In many ways I feel that the quality of the PhD thesis would in general go down.”
Meanwhile, Debashis Ghoshal, a Professor of Physics at JNU, says that many core science subjects don’t necessarily require an MPhil to pursue a PhD.
‘Don’t Talk to Me’: Check Out PhD Student’s Notice To Avoid Procrastination

'One Formula for Vast Country With Different Disciplines May Not Work'
In light of varying views on the importance of MPhils for PhD programmes, Professor Ghoshal evinces, “Our objective is to improve the quality of research, isn’t it? These blanket rules alone cannot do that.”
“Trying to give one formula for a vast country, and all the many different disciplines may not work,” he adds.
Speaking on decreasing the years of study before a PhD in science subjects, the Professor noted that students may not be prepared to undertake such rigorous research after four years.
"There are of course geniuses, but you don’t formulate rules for them. The general rule is to keep average students in mind and for them, I think four-year undergraduate courses, followed directly by entrance to PhD, they are not really prepared to do a PhD," he tells The Quint.
Another UGC regulation, meanwhile, marks a departure from the clause that earlier mandated publishing a paper in a peer-reviewed journal for a PhD.
While Professor Ghoshal thinks this to be a step in the right direction, as he mentions the sudden emergence of pay-for-publish journals, he tells The Quint, "The main point is that the system has to be robust and honest from within, only then it can make sense… It's not a question of imposing a rule that requires them to publish a paper because the rule can always be bypassed by many different kinds of jugaad , which is what has happened in this case."
However, Professor Sen highlights that there is a ray of hope with the coming of these new regulations.
“There is this ray of hope that universities can conduct their own entrance exams, and I hope that teachers are empowered to decide what are the best kind of questions they want in the entrances of their respective disciplines.”
UGC Professor of Practice Post: Who Can Apply? What is the Eligibility Criteria?

What Are the Regulations?
In a notice titled The University Grants Commission (Minimum Standards and Procedures for Award of PhD Degree) Regulations, 2022, the Ministry of Education has envisaged the eligibility criteria to be such that:
A candidate seeking admission after a four-year Bachelor’s degree with Research should have a minimum CGPA of 7.5/10
A one-year Master's degree programme (after four-year undergraduate degree) with at least 55% marks in aggregate or its equivalent grade on a point scale wherever the grading system is followed
A two-year master’s degree programme after a three-year bachelor’s degree programme, or qualifications declared equivalent to the master’s degree by the corresponding statutory regulatory body, with at least 55 per cent marks in aggregate
Further, "all Universities shall admit PhD Scholars through a National Eligibility Test (NET) or National Entrance Test or an Entrance test conducted at the level of individual universities."
In a departure from previous rules, the UGC does not mandate students to publish a paper in a reviewed journal.
Rules pertaining to coursework, which is a pre-requisite for PhD preparation are the following:
Minimum number of the credit requirement should be at least 12 credits and a maximum of 16 credits
Students who register directly from four-year undergraduate with research will have to undertake 6-8 credit courses (at PhD level) about relevant skills/research techniques/domain-specific subjects offered by the University
Candidates already holding MPhil degree and admitted to the PhD programme, or those who have already completed the course work in MPhil and have been permitted to proceed to the PhD in an integrated course, may be exempted by the Department from the PhD coursework
A PhD scholar has to obtain a minimum of 55% of marks or its equivalent grade in the UGC 10-point scale (or an equivalent grade/CGPA in a point scale wherever grading system is followed) in the course work in order to be eligible to continue in the programme and submit the thesis
JNU PhD 2022 Registration Begins: Eligibility, Exam Date, and Last Date To Apply

( At The Quint, we are answerable only to our audience. Play an active role in shaping our journalism by becoming a membe r . Because the truth is worth it. )
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New Rules For Doing PhD in India (2023)
Jan 2, 2023
Image credit: Unsplash.
Dr Tushar Chauhan
UGC has proposed new rules and regulations in 2022 for doing PhD in India. Here are critical changes for students willing to do PhD in 2023.
A Master’s degree or 4 years of bachelor’s is required to apply for any PhD in India. However, the 4 years bachelor’s will only be used for tech and engineering students, for now.
Qualification
Now the M.Phil degree is optional for getting admission into the PhD.
For 4 years of bachelor’s and 3 + 2 years master’s degree, 75% and 55% marks, respectively are mandatory for the application.
Minimum Marks
University Grant Commissions or any private university conducts an entrance examination for PhD admission.
Primary requirement
In India, one-year coursework is mandatory for doing original research for PhD. Students have to complete their coursework before starting research.
Course work
The ideal duration for doing a PhD in India is 3 years. Students may ask for more time if required.
The previous important requirement for PhD award– research paper publication is now not compulsory for getting the doctorate honor.
Publication
Besides, all other previous important rules and regulations are unchanged., i hope you like this story. please share it and visit our blog for more content., next story- 9 benefits of gantt chart for phd..
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Part-time degrees, no need to publish research: what new PhD regulations say
The ugc has notified new regulations on phd degrees, introducing a set of sweeping changes in eligibility criteria, admission procedure and evaluation methods. take a look at what's changed.

The University Grants Commission (UGC) has notified new regulations on PhD (Doctor of Philosophy) degrees , introducing a set of sweeping changes in eligibility criteria, admission procedure and evaluation methods governing doctoral programmes in college and universities.
The mandatory requirement of publishing research papers in refereed journals or presenting in conferences has been scrapped. Part-time PhDs have been launched for working professionals, and there is a relaxation of 5 per cent marks in eligibility for admissions even for the new EWS category.
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The Indian Express takes a closer look at the UGC (Minimum Standards and Procedures for Award of PhD Degree) Regulations, 2022 notified on November 7, which replace the Rules notified in 2016.
How will the changes impact doctoral aspirants?
First and foremost, the eligibility criteria for admissions have been changed. Anyone with a four-year/eight-semester Bachelor’s programme degree with a minimum 75 per cent marks in aggregate or its equivalent grade will be eligible for a PhD.
Those joining PhD programmes after a four-year UG programme can do so after a one-year Master’s degree. Graduates with conventional three-year UG degrees need to have completed two-year Master’s degrees.
So far, a Master’s degree with at least 55 per cent marks in aggregate was mandatory for doctoral aspirants. Many universities also insisted on using M.Phil as the gateway. Those who had completed their M.Phil dissertation and were awaiting viva voce could also be admitted to PhD programmes.
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The new Rules discontinue the M.Phil programme altogether. However, that will have no bearing on those holding or pursuing M.Phil degrees currently. Apart from reserved category applicants, those falling under the EWS bracket will also be granted five per cent relaxations.
Will there be changes in the procedure for admissions?
There are no major changes in the procedure for admissions. As was the norm so far, universities and colleges will be free to admit students through the NET/JRF qualification route as well as entrance exams at the level of the institutions. The entrance syllabus shall consist of 50 per cent of research methodology, and 50 per cent shall be subject-specific, the Regulations say.
The UGC has for now dropped its plan to stipulate that of the annual intake of PhD candidates in every institution, 60 per cent would have to be reserved for NET/JRF-qualified individuals.
Where the selection is done by entrance tests conducted by individual universities, a weightage of 70 per cent will be given to performance in the written test, and 30 per cent to the interview.
Based on the feedback from stakeholders, the proposed common entrance test for PhDs has been left out of the new Regulations.
Do the new Regulations change the way research supervisors function?
Eligible professors, associate professors, and assistant professors can continue to guide up to eight, six, and four PhD candidates respectively at any given time, as earlier.
However, earlier, professors, associate professors, and assistant professors could also guide three, two, and one M.Phil scholars respectively over and above their PhD candidates. The MPhil programme has been scrapped under the new National Education Policy, 2020.
The new Rules also bar faculty members with less than three years of service left before superannuation from taking new research scholars under their supervision.
Each supervisor can also guide up to two international research scholars on a supernumerary basis over and above the permitted number of domestic PhD scholars. Universities and colleges have been allowed to frame their own rules governing admissions of international PhD students.
How does the UGC plan to improve the quality of doctoral education and research?
It has introduced a new requirement for PhD scholars, irrespective of discipline, to train in teaching / education/ pedagogy/ writing related to their chosen subject during their doctoral period. They may also be assigned four to six hours per week of teaching/ research assistantship for conducting tutorial or laboratory work and evaluations.
Earlier, to ensure the quality of their output, research scholars had to appear before a Research Advisory Committee once in six months and present the progress of their work for evaluation and further guidance. They will now have to do this every semester.
The new Regulations retain the clause that mandates institutions to develop a mechanism using “well-developed software applications to detect plagiarism in research work”.
Why has the requirement to publish research papers in peer-reviewed journals before the submission of a PhD thesis been scrapped?
The UGC has been grappling with this issue for quite some time, particularly with the proliferation of so-called “predatory journals”, where many doctoral scholars were found publishing their research in return for a fee. In 2019, a UGC panel had recommended that publication of research material in such journals or presentations in conferences organised by their publishers should not be considered for academic credit in any form.
In draft regulations floated in March this year, the UGC had proposed universities be allowed to draw up their own guidelines in this area and sought public feedback on replacing the term “must” with “desirable”. But in the final regulations, that requirement has been dispensed with altogether.
Prof M Jagadesh Kumar, who is the UGC chairperson, said by removing the mandatory clause, the commission is trying to ease some pressure of scholars so that they can focus more on high-quality research. “That will automatically lead to their research finding space in top journals,” he said.
In a study involving one central university and an IIT between 2017 and 2019, the UGC found that in the case of the university, as much as 75 per cent of the submissions were in journals which are not Scopus-indexed. The IIT, where such submissions are not mandatory, saw 79 per cent scholars making it to Scopus-indexed journals. That also appears to have guided the UGC’s decision.
What is the provision for part-time PhDs?
This is a new category introduced by the regulations. Although an existing feature in the IITs, for most universities and colleges, this will be new.
The eligibility conditions are the same for both full-time and part-time candidates. Their PhD work will be assessed in the same way as is done for the full-time PhD students.
However, in addition to meeting the regular criteria, the part-time PhD candidates will also have to produce a No-Objection Certificate or NOC from their employer. Apart from stating that the prospective part-time PhD candidate employee is permitted to pursue studies on a part-time basis, the NOC will have to spell out that they will be given sufficient time for research work. The workplace will require facilities in the employee’s field of research as a doctoral scholar.

Over the years, annual enrolment figures in PhD have risen, but it still accounts for a very small share of the higher education pie. Between 2015-16 and 2019-20, the enrolment at PhD level increased from 1,26,451 to 2,02,550 (0.5 per cent of the total enrolment in higher education), according to the latest available All India Survey on Higher Education (AISHE) report 2019-20. Also, most PhDs in India are in the field of engineering and technology, followed by natural sciences.
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UGC NET/JRF & Entrance Test New Rules for PhD Admission 2022 Based on NEP: Check Eligibility, SC/ST/OB/EWS Reservation, Maternity Leave Details
UGC NET/JRF & Entrance Test New Rules for PhD Admission 2022 Based on NEP: Apart from UGC NET/JRF, 40% seats to be filled by Entrance Test to be held by universities/colleges. Check Eligibility, Reservation, Maternity Leave, Duration & Procedure for Admission in PhD Programme.

UGC NET/JRF & Entrance Test New Rules for PhD Admission 2022 Based on NEP: University Grant Commisssion is taking a number of initiatives for the implementation of the National Education Policy (NEP) 2020. To implement the recommendations connected to minimum standards for the award of Ph.D. Degree, UGC has developed a draft university Grants Commission (Minimum Standards and Procedures for Award of Ph.D. Degree) Regulations, 2022.
Related Story: UGC Plans to Bring Industry Experts as Faculty Members without PHD or NET Qualification
The Draft proposes that 60% of the total seats for PhDs to be filled by National Eligibility Test (UGC NET) or Junior Research Fellowship (JRF) Qualified students. The remaining 40% will be filled through the entrance test conducted by universities/colleges.
Eligibility criteria for admission to the Ph.D. programme
Sc/st/obc/ews reservation/ relaxation of marks.
A relaxation of 5% of marks, from 55% to 50%, or an equivalent relaxation of grade, may be allowed for those belonging to SC/ST/OBC (non-creamy layer)/Differently-Abled, Economically Weaker Section (EWS) and other categories of candidates as per the decision of the Commission from time to time, or for those who had obtained their master’s degree before 19 th September 1991.
Note: The eligibility marks of 55% (or an equivalent grade in a point scale wherever grading system is followed) and the relaxation of 5% to the categories mentioned above are permissible based only on the qualifying marks without including the grace mark procedures, if any.
A relaxation of 0.5 score, i.e. CGPA of 7/10 or an equivalent relaxation of grade may be allowed for those belonging to SC/ST/OBC (non-creamy layer)/Differently-Abled, Economically Weaker Section (EWS) and other categories of candidates as per the decision of the Commission from time to time.
Duration of the PhD Programme - Maternity Leave for Women
Ph.D. programme shall be for a minimum duration of two years excluding course work, and a maximum of six years. Women candidates and Persons with Disabilities (more than 40% disability) may be allowed a relaxation of two years for a Ph.D. in the maximum duration. In addition, women candidates may be provided Maternity Leave/Child Care Leave for up to 240 days once in the entire duration of Ph.D.
Procedure for admission in PhD Programme
All Universities shall admit Ph.D. Scholars through a National Eligibility Test (NET) or National Entrance Test or an Entrance test conducted at the level of individual universities . Provided that, any circular/notification/communication by the UGC/Ministry of Education, Govt. of India regarding the conduct of a common entrance test for this purpose shall be applicable and binding on the Universities concerned (and covered under such a circular/ notification/ communication).
Course Work: Credit requirements, number, duration, syllabus, minimum standards for completion, etc.
Issuing a provisional certificate.
Prior to the actual award of the degree, the degree-awarding Institution shall issue a provisional certificate to the effect that the Degree has been awarded in accordance with the provisions of these UGC Regulations.
Download the Detailed Draft on PhD Programme New Norms Issued by UGC
The draft issued by UGC has been put in public for comments/suggestions/feedbacks from all stakeholders on the draft Regulations and the same may be sent to: https://forms.gle/fwvcDDS4oW5r8bhP6 by 31st March 2022.
Q1. What are the New Rules for PhD Admission Issued by UGC
Q2. will there be any relaxation for sc/st/obc/ews categories, q3. will maternity leave be given during phd programme, related categories.
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PhD New Rules
Phd new rules: ugc chief said graduates can directly join phd programmes: check full details, the ugc chairperson, m. jagadesh kumar, said today that “graduates can directly join phd programmes”, graduates will not require a masters degree..
UGC New Guidelines For PhD : The University Grant Commission chairperson M Jagadesh Kumar said today that under the new pattern, graduates can join Phd without masters. After that, he further said that the four-year programme will not discontinue till the four-year programme is fully implemented in all universities. The new framework for undergraduate courses was early announced, and the chief said that the Honours degree courses as a four-year programme.
“The UGC chief said that under the new four-year undergraduate programme (FYUP),the graduates can directly join PhD programme, graduates will not need to do a masters degree to join the PhD programme as per the new pattern”.
PhD After Graduation: The four-year undergraduate programme is expected to be fully implemented, he said that there is no deadline for three-year undergraduate courses, and he said we giving our best to implement the FYUP as soon as possible. He further said that the three-year undergraduate courses will not be discontinued till the four-year programme is fully implemented. “Some universities like Delhi University have already implemented the four-year graduation programme”. He said that many other universities working on implementing the FYUP for the 2023 academic session.
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UGC considers scrapping rule on publishing research for PhD
The ugc is currently making amendments to the ugc regulations, 2016. the rule mandated phd scholars to publish at least one research paper in a ugc refereed/peer-reviewed journal before the submission of the dissertation/thesis for adjudication..
The University Grants Commission (UGC) plans to do away with the mandatory requirement of publishing research papers in peer reviewed journals for the submission of PhD thesis, officials said. The commission will allow higher education institutions to formulate their own rules and regulations on the matter. The reason for doing so is because many PhD students were resorting to publishing their articles in so-called predatory journals -- basically those that publish articles in return for a fee, without adequate due-diligence of the sort academic publications are expected to ensure.

The commission is currently making amendments to the UGC (Minimum Standards and Procedures for Award of Ph.D Degree) Regulations, 2016. Under the 2016 regulations, it was mandatory for PhD scholars to publish at least one research paper in a UGC refereed or peer reviewed journal before the submission of the dissertation/thesis for adjudication.
Under the new, 2022 regulations, the commission will replace the term mandatory with “strongly recommended”. The quality assessment of Phd degrees will be a responsibility of the universities and they are free to come up with their own guidelines in this regard
“This mandatory requirement led to a “journal business” in India. Making anything mandatory does not improve the quality of research. Therefore, UGC is now considering doing away with this requirement while strongly recommending research scholars to publish the research outcomes of their PhD in peer reviewed journals, apply for patents, and present in conferences,” UGC chairperson M Jagadesh Kumar told HT.
Kumar said that the commission may now ask the universities to frame their own guidelines regarding publication in research journals. “The higher education institutions may be allowed to decide if they want to keep this as a mandatory requirement or not, while maintaining the quality of research.”
HT reported on March 17 that the draft UGC (Minimum Standards and Procedure for Award of Ph.D. Degree) Regulations, 2022, proposed several changes including making undergraduates who have been the four-year programme and with a minimum CGPA (Cumulative Grade Point Average) of 7.5 eligible for PhD admissions. The draft was made public in March seeking suggestions from stakeholders. UGC is now compiling the suggestions and finalizing the regulations.
Members of the academic fraternity expressed concerns over UGC’s proposal.
Moushumi Basu, an associate professor at Jawaharlal Nehru University (JNU), said that the commission should have more checks and balances regarding publication instead of doing away with the requirement altogether.
“Firstly, the commission made the provision of allowing postgraduate and now graduate students to take admission in PhD programmes directly, Now, it is also removing the mandatory requirement of having the research paper published before the submission of thesis. This will eventually compromise the quality of research. Leaving it up to the Universities to decide will not work because no University would like to take the responsibility for this,” she said.
Rajesh Jha, a professor at Delhi University (DU), said that the constant changes in PhD requirements affect the overall quality of research. “During our time, this requirement of publishing research papers in peer reviewed journals was not there. UGC brought this change to improve the research quality. But, it failed to provide the required funds to keep up to the expectations (because of late release of scholarships and fellowships). It is now again planning to do away with this requirement. These continuous changes will confuse the research scholars and eventually affect the quality of their work,” he said.
MK Sridhar, member of the National Education Policy (2020) draft committee, disagreed.
"All these years, almost everything was very centralised and the UGC was specifying everything. But now, under the NEP 2020, the idea is to strengthen the universities and colleges. If you don’t strengthen them then they will not get into accreditation, subsequently autonomy. The NEP 2020 system says that the affiliation system has to go, and that will only be possible if you start strengthening the institutions. The idea is to let the institutions take the call. Over a period of time, every university will start taking responsibility, and that’s what the NEP 2020 advocates.”
“Secondly, this kind of unified approach all over the country has encouraged a lot of predatory journals. The move will help discourage that also,” he added.
All India Council for Technical Education (AICTE) chairperson Anil Dattatraya Sahasrabudhe said the move will help improve the quality of research. “Whenever anything becomes mandatory the quality of work deteriorates. People tend to put their research thesis in predatory journals. That’s why the quality of research started slipping over the years,” he said.

Fareeha Iftikhar is a principal correspondent with the national political bureau of the Hindustan Times. She tracks the education ministry, and covers the beat at the national level for the newspaper. She also writes on issues related to gender, human rights and different policy matters. ...view detail
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The University Grants Commission (UGC) announced new regulations on PhD (Doctor of Philosophy) degrees earlier this week called "University Grants Commission (Minimum Standards and Procedures for Award of PhD Degree) Regulations, 2022". These rules will replace the rules notified in 2016.
The University Grants Commission, UGC has implemented new regulations on PhD (Doctor of Philosophy) degrees from 7 November 2022. Known as " UGC Minimum Standards and Procedures for Award of PhD Degree Regulations 2022 ," these rules have replaced the erstwhile rules notified in 2016.
NEW DELHI 110002 NOTIFICATION New Delhi Draft University Grants Commission (Minimum Standards and Procedures for Award of Ph.D. Degree) Regulations, 2022 In exercise of the powers conferred by clauses (f) and (g) of sub-section (1) of Section 26 of the University Grants Commission Act, 1956 (3 of 1956), and in supersession of the UGC (Minimum
But the new regulations leave it more open ended and says that all PhD scholars "shall be required to train in teaching/ education/ pedagogy/ writing related to their chosen PhD subject."...
PhD new rules 2022 | PhD rule changed | PhD new guidelines | Good or bad? - This lecture explains about the new rules for PhD in India. UGC declared new PhD rules to do PhD...
New Rules for Pursuing PhD: According to the newly released announcement, institutions would be permitted to enroll PhD candidates through either the NET-JRF or a separate entrance exam. During this time, students will be asked questions on the subject and the research procedure, respectively, in a 50/50 split.
The draft of the revised regulations — 'UGC (Minimum Standards and Procedure for Award of Ph.D. Degree) Regulations, 2022' — was approved in a commission meeting held on 10 March, UGC chairman M. Jagadesh Kumar confirmed to ThePrint. The document has been accessed by ThePrint. The rules will soon be put on the official UGC website and made public.
The new PhD regulations — "University Grants Commission (Minimum Standards and Procedures for Award of PhD Degree) Regulations, 2022" — says a candidate should have a minimum of 75 per cent marks in "aggregate or its equivalent grade on a point scale wherever the grading system is followed".
Rules pertaining to coursework, which is a pre-requisite for PhD preparation are the following: Minimum number of the credit requirement should be at least 12 credits and a maximum of 16 credits ...
Here is a story on new rules for doing PhD in India in 2023. New Rules For Doing PhD in India (2023) Jan 2, 2023. Image credit: Unsplash. Dr Tushar Chauhan ... Image credit: Unsplash. Dr Tushar Chauhan. UGC has proposed new rules and regulations in 2022 for doing PhD in India. Here are critical changes for students willing to do PhD in 2023 ...
The University Grants Commission (UGC) has notified new regulations on PhD (Doctor of Philosophy) degrees, introducing a set of sweeping changes in eligibility criteria, admission procedure and evaluation methods governing doctoral programmes in college and universities.
UGC NET/JRF & Entrance Test New Rules for PhD Admission 2022 Based on NEP: Apart from UGC NET/JRF, 40% seats to be filled by Entrance Test to be held by universities/colleges. Check...
The new framework for undergraduate courses was early announced, and the chief said that the Honours degree courses as a four-year programme. "The UGC chief said that under the new four-year undergraduate programme (FYUP),the graduates can directly join PhD programme, graduates will not need to do a masters degree to join the PhD programme as ...
Now, UGC has developed a draft of UGC (Minimum Standards and Procedures for Award of PhD Degree) Regulations, 2022. According to the Draft, a proposal has been made to fill 60% of the PhD seats through the National Eligibility Test (UGC NET) or Junior Research Fellowship (JRF) qualified students. The rest of the 40% seats will be filled through ...
PhD Rules 2022 Changed 🙄 || PhD without NET & GATE || Eligibility || Part time PhD || UGC PhD New Rules 2022 || NET & GATE Not Mandatory for PhD || PhD Rule...
The draft UGC (Minimum Standards and Procedure for Award of Ph.D. Degree) Regulations, 2022, was approved during the 556th commission meeting held on March 10. HT has reviewed a copy of the...
Table 1. Applicants, Matriculants, Enrollment, and Graduates to U.S. Medical Schools, 2013-2014 through 2022-2023. PDF. Excel. Table 2. MD Graduates who Entered Residency Training at Programs Currently Affiliated or Not Affiliated with their Medical Schools of Graduation, 2015-2016 through 2020-2021.
These rules apply to all students beginning the PhD program in or after the 2021/2022 academic year. Some are university rules; the remainder are those of the Economics Department. Departmental rules are administered by the Director of Graduate Studies (DGS) and a Graduate Instruction Committee (GIC) comprised of several departmental faculty ...
The rule mandated PhD scholars to publish at least one research paper in a UGC refereed/peer-reviewed journal before the submission of the dissertation/thesis for adjudication. ... Under the new ...
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