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Where Can I Get Help Writing My Thesis Online?

You’ve spent years preparing for your master’s degree or PhD. You’ve read, studied and spent hours of time and energy writing papers. Now you’ve arrived at the culmination of all this effort: writing your thesis. There are plenty of compelling stories about the time and energy that students have spent drafting their dissertations and theses.
The good news is that you’re not alone. While you certainly don’t want to hire someone to write your thesis for you, which goes against most institution policies and puts your academic integrity at risk, you can get plenty of help with certain aspects of your thesis online. Whether you’re looking for a little guidance or extensive assistance, various services can make writing or editing your thesis go smoothly.
Dissertation Editor
One of the greatest challenges of writing your thesis can be juggling your family or job responsibilities with your studies. The time that writing takes can add another layer of obligation to your already-packed schedule. Dissertation Editor is a company whose founder is a PhD-educated writer and professor, and it promises to help you complete your thesis or dissertation on time and in compliance with your university’s rules and regulations.

Dissertation Editor’s primary function is to guide you along in the writing process and provide a helping hand in understanding everything you need to take care of. It places you with a writer who specializes in your area of study, and this individual can help you organize and analyze your research while making sure that your thesis fits your writing style and personality. This company also specializes in helping with any statistical analysis that you use in your thesis.
Thesis Helpers
If you’re concerned about using a service to help you write your thesis because you think it’ll be obvious that you hired help, don’t worry. Thesis Helpers puts its team of experienced writers to work for you to help you craft a thesis that finishes your degree on a high note. No matter what level of help you need, from narrowing down a topic to advanced editing and proofreading, they’re available to help.

The writers have advanced degrees in their areas of expertise, and one of the best things about Thesis Helpers is that it gives you ultimate say in the final product of your thesis. This company can help you with revisions and additional research, and you can rest assured that your thesis will meet anti-plagiarism standards.
Best Dissertation
Sometimes when you’re writing a thesis or dissertation, you can get stuck on one section or chapter. You may not need assistance writing the whole thing, but getting some help with the exact portion you’re struggling with can come in handy. That’s one of the strengths of using Best Dissertation . You don’t have to rely on it for help with your entire thesis if it’s not what you need.

Like most of the top thesis-assistance services, Best Dissertation employs writers with advanced degrees who specialize in various fields of study. What truly sets this company apart is the live support that it offers any time of the day or night. It claims to take the stress and strain out of writing your dissertation or thesis.
While some companies place a premium on helping you get your thesis written, others emphasize the editing and proofreading process. If you don’t need help with writing but need a hand with proofreading and editing, Scribbr is a good option for you. Its editors can help you get a grasp on the grammar and tone that are appropriate for academic writing.

Scribbr doesn’t just provide boilerplate feedback that you can find anywhere. It offers personalized feedback aimed at helping you become a better writer in the long run. You can even see examples of how its editors work by looking at the company’s website.
My Assignment Help
Writing a thesis has its own challenges that other academic writing simply doesn’t, which is why the team at My Assignment Help offers its particular brand of expertise. If you need assistance with a dissertation or thesis at the PhD or master’s level, its writers have the level of education and experience to help you write an expertly crafted and edited thesis.

My Assignment Help prides itself on hiring subject matter experts, meaning you can pair up with a helper who already has an advanced degree in your field. They understand the nuances of academic writing that are specific to your area of study, and they can provide advice on everything from making your abstract more unique to crafting a thought-provoking conclusion.
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Publishing dissertation work before defending?
In our October " how can we help you? " thread, a reader writes:
- Is it advisable to publish dissertation chapters before the final defence?
- Can one incorporate published articles in one's thesis (say, if you published an article early on in your PhD but it is directly relevant to your thesis)?
The answer to question (1) seems to me to be 'obviously yes', though it may make sense to check with your committee first. After all, suppose they're not entirely happy with the work yet, and think it should be improved prior to publishing it anywhere. In that case, I suppose that publishing something they're not terribly happy with could rub them the wrong way. I'm a bit less sure about (2), but I guess here too my suggestion is: ask your committee! What do readers think?
Posted by Marcus Arvan on 10/16/2020 at 10:32 AM in Dissertations , How can we help you? , Publishing | Permalink

My dissertation is/will be exclusively published articles. So it definitely can be done.
Posted by: John | 10/16/2020 at 10:49 AM
I did and I did.
Posted by: Shay Logan | 10/16/2020 at 01:23 PM
I published a chapter of my dissertation as an article and I incorporated it into my dissertation. My committee members were actually quite pleased that some of my dissertation got through peer review.
And in terms of the rigors of the job market, I think writing one's dissertation in a way so that it can be, or is, published as a few stand-alone articles is a good way to work towards finishing the dissertation and improving one's competitiveness in the job market.
Posted by: Mercado | 10/16/2020 at 02:30 PM
On 2: My dissertation was built around an article that I published early in my PhD. Especially in departments where time to completion is important (eg funding constraints), this seems to me to be one good strategy.
Posted by: Phil | 10/16/2020 at 05:20 PM
Yes and yes for me. The way I did it was to say in my dissertation that a version of this or that chapter has been accepted for publication (or has appeared) here or there with a full citation to the work.
For the first yes, this was from the advice from my supervisor. We need publications to not perish, and working to get dissertation chapters published (and not just publishable) is good when we are on the market. (Not to say that there still is a good enough market to be on, or that it was ever good enough to be on...)
And having chapters published is good. My institution doesn't have an oral defence, but an external review process. One of my examiners was extremely unhappy with three of the six chapters of my dissertation. But, well, those three chapters were all published in good enough venues, so that really helped me to get my degree without much trouble. I would imagine that having chapters published would also be good in an oral defence. People would probably (though I have no experience in this) think that, well, since a highly competitive journal has accepted the chapter, it is good enough for a dissertation. (At least my supervisor told me that the standards for decent enough publication are much higher than an acceptable dissertation chapter.)
Posted by: Recent PhD | 10/22/2020 at 05:59 AM
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Is publishing papers before the evaluation of thesis a good idea?
Is publishing papers before the evaluation of thesis is a good idea? Isn't there a risk of making the idea public?
- publications
- 32 Risk? The whole point of publishing is to make your ideas public! – JeffE Dec 1, 2012 at 18:49
- 5 Publishing is usually required to be competitive on the academic job market. – Paul Dec 2, 2012 at 0:05
5 Answers 5
You should try to publish before you finish your thesis. An idea in a published paper will be recognized as yours, there are more chances of an idea getting stolen from a thesis.
- Thanks. A journal article or conference article? – Vinit Dec 1, 2012 at 10:44
- 10 That depends on your field. – Herman Toothrot Dec 1, 2012 at 11:08
- No disrespect intended but in this thread it's funny that people forget that he would publish on his name so what would be stolen? – j riv Dec 27, 2012 at 13:42
- 2 @LelaDax : Publishing a thesis goes to, maybe, 5 people. That doesn't get the student's name associated with the idea. Publishing to a journal goes to MANY MORE people in the field. – Peter K. Jan 11, 2013 at 19:31
- A very smart friend of mine essentially stapled together a bunch of his published papers to form his thesis. – Dan Halbert Jan 28, 2013 at 20:09
Four reasons why it's generally a very good idea to publish papers before you submit your thesis:
- The earlier you publish, the less likely it is that your idea will be scooped [1], i.e. that someone working in the same area actually publishes the same idea/result before you.
- Once ideas are published, they are not stolen: they are used, built upon, with proper attribution (usually in the form of citation). This is not theft.
- The goal of an academic is actually to disseminate new knowledge, not to lock it into your desk drawers.
- Having papers published (or at least accepted for publication) is very very important for your CV. It may also be a requirement (formal or unspoken) for defending your PhD.
- If said publication includes peer review, the peer review is likely to improve your work, both by vetting it thoroughly and giving you new points of view on your arguments. (I edited this in after reading gerrit’s answer; it is an important point.)
In some specific cases, good arguments can be made against publication before thesis submission. Most are actually not specific to the thesis itself, but generally apply to delaying publication of a research:
- If research is performed as part of a contract that requires an embargo on publication (say, imposed by one industrial partner). This is a very awkward situation, but it does happen in some fields.
- Sometimes, a delay in publication is necessary to protect intellectual property, e.g. in the case of delaying publication until a related patent submission is complete.

- 4 +1 for comic. (This actually happened to me within the last month!) – JeffE Dec 3, 2012 at 7:27
I'd like to add one important point that hasn't been raised yet: if the research that lies at the basis of your PhD has already passed through peer review, that makes it easier to defend against an opponent. You've already replied to two or more reviewers and improved the manuscript and possibly the underlying work. This makes it much less likely that awkward things turn up during the actual discussion with the opponent or the examination committee.

- 1 +1 - it's also helpful for problematic committee members. – Fomite Dec 3, 2012 at 23:40
Actually, publishing paper(s) is a requirement for defending your thesis in some universities. The best thing you can do for your thesis and the field is to make your ideas public through publications.
By publicizing an original idea at earliest possible moment, you increase your chances of being the first one to publish it, and thus make it known that this is your idea. So, in fact, this prevents it from being
Also, I don't think published ideas can be stolen. The worst that can happen is they can be used without attribution but that is always a possibility wherever you publish them.
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Research Services
Publishing work prior to submission.
Students may include in their thesis work that has already been published, in part or in whole, but should consider the following copyright implications.
Publishing a paper in a journal or conference proceedings or chapter in a book may mean that the student has signed a copyright transfer agreement, by which they transfer the copyright to the publisher. Students should be aware when publishing that they can negotiate to keep their copyright, or to give a licence to publish.
Some publishers allow students to retain certain rights, which might include reprinting the whole paper or part of the paper in a thesis. This should be confirmed with the publisher at the time of publication, or they will need to write for permission retrospectively before submitting the eThesis. Students will need to document in their eThesis that they have permission from the publisher or have retained the right to publish the material.
If a student wishes to include a paper that has multiple authors, they will also need to obtain the permission of any co-authors before it can be incorporated into the eThesis.
Turnitin will identify any previous publication of the text in a journal or conference paper in the originality report. If the resubmission is accepted practice within a department and the student has retained the right to publish the article and obtained permission from the publisher and any co-authors, this match can be excluded from the results.
If any of the above conditions cannot be met, i.e. the publishers or a co-author does not give the necessary permission and/or resubmission of material is not accepted practice within a department, then the only alternative to embargoing the eThesis is to rewrite the material which they have authored and to reference it appropriately to avoid self plagiarism.
Students should ensure that they properly reference any published papers within their thesis, even if they are the author.
Publishing or posting research online
Academic publishing is growing and developing with new journals and publishing platforms emerging, many of them offering open access options. This has led to a rise in 'predatory publishing' - publications lacking in identifiable scholarship, academic rigour or credibility. Students are advised to check the credentials of any unfamiliar publisher or journal before proceeding to publish with them. Use the guidance from Think, Check, Submit .
Students may also be interested in Think, Check, Attend , which is a similar initiative aimed at helping students avoid fake or fraudulent conferences.
Students should also check they own any content before posting it on a social network or website. It is advisable not to post published papers or research that they intend to publish. The best way to make previously published research available online is through White Rose Research Online (WRRO) via myPublications, which can be accessed from the services menu in MUSE.
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Previously Published Works in a Dissertation or Thesis
Using your own previously published works: a guide.
As you begin work on your ETD, you may wish to incorporate part or all of another related work you have previously published. Before using the related work, you should remember to do three things:
First, determine whether you have the right to use your previously published work. You may think “Since I wrote it, of course I have the right,” but that might not be the case. Before publication, you likely signed a publisher’s agreement that waived some of your rights to your own work. In some cases, you may have given up everything! Every agreement is different, so if you want to use your previously published work you should first check the publishing agreement you signed to confirm what rights you still have. Some publishing agreements specifically allow for re-publication in a dissertation. Others may state a certain time period before you can republish. Scroll down to Resources and Examples for examples of copyright transfer agreements.
Next, if you had co-written your previously published work, you may need to ask your co-authors if it is okay to use the work in your dissertation.
Finally, if you use your own previously published work, you must cite it. You should check your publishing agreement because it might specify the format of the citation. If your publishing agreement does not specify, please use a standard citation style (APA, MLA, etc.). Not citing a work, even if it is your own, is a form of plagiarism unacceptable in academia.

What if I do not have permission to use my previously published works?
First, try to get permission. Most journals provide contact information specifically for this purpose. Contact the journal or publisher and explain that you would like to use your work for a dissertation/thesis. You may adapt the text of the sample letter below.
Sample Copyright Permissions Letter (14.45 KB)
The journal or publisher may request that you only include a certain portion of your work, or place other restrictions on its use.
If your publisher denies permission, you still have options. While what you published is copyrighted, the data behind your study is not. You can go back to your data and use it to rewrite some of your findings. Then you may, of course, reference and cite this new work like any other.
If you do rewrite some of your findings for your dissertation, be sure you do not express your ideas in the same way as in the previously published work. Think of how the film West Side Story tells the same tale as Romeo and Juliet: same story, different expression.
Next Steps:
After you have made sure that you have permission to use your previously published work, how do you proceed?
- Your ETD must include a statement indicating the dissertation/thesis is based on a previously published work (a journal article, conference proceeding, etc.) in full or in part. This statement should appear on a separate page in the front of your dissertation/thesis document.
- If the work was co-authored, include a statement indicating the author has the permission of the co-authors to use the materials in the dissertation/thesis. The full bibliographic citation of the work should appear immediately after that statement and in the bibliography. Please check your publisher agreement for any citation guidelines.
You are required to place the statements from Steps 1 and 2 before the abstract of your full dissertation. In the case of a three-essay format, place the information immediately prior to the abstract for that specific essay.
Sample Text: This dissertation/thesis is based in [full or part] on the previously published article(s)/book chapter(s) listed below. [If you have co-authors, include the statement:] I have permission from my co-authors/publishers to use the work(s) listed below in my dissertation/thesis. Copies of all copyright permissions are in Appendix X of this document. [Place your journal or book chapter citation here].
3. Place copyright permissions from publishers, thesis endorsements/copies of written and/or signed statements of permission from your co-authors in the last appendix of the document. Copies of emails from publishers or co-authors are acceptable.
Resources and Examples
Sample copyright transfer agreements.
- Copyright Transfer Agreement allowing you to use your work in a dissertation
This sample Taylor & Francis agreement specifically gives the author the right to publish their work as part of a thesis/dissertation. Note that while permission has been given to use the work in a dissertation, it must be a non-commercial dissertation [note Section 4(viii)]. If your agreement contains language similar to the above, please contact Valerie Emerson at [email protected] before submitting your ETD.
- Copyright Transfer Agreement where no permission is given
The Optical Society agreement above provides for the full transfer of rights and is completely silent about dissertations. Therefore, someone who published with this society must get permission from them before using the work in a dissertation.
- Copyright Transfer Agreement that allows the reuse of materia l
This John Wiley & Sons agreement specifically allows for the reuse of published material in another publication provided that the reused material doesn’t make up more than 50% of the new publication. [Section C(2)(b)]
Questions about Copyright?
You may make an appointment with Barrett Matthews (Gelman Library Compliance Officer, Copyright & Scholarly Communications).

Adapting a Dissertation or Thesis Into a Journal Article
Dissertations or theses are typically required of graduate students. Undergraduate students completing advanced research projects may also write senior theses or similar types of papers. Once completed, the dissertation or thesis is often submitted (with modifications) as a manuscript for publication in a scholarly journal. Thus, the dissertation or thesis often provides the foundation for a new researcher’s body of published work.
Writers will first want to determine whether the work in their dissertation or thesis merits publication. If it does, we then provide guidance on how to adapt a dissertation or thesis for submission to a journal.

This guidance is new to the 7th edition.
Deciding to submit a dissertation or thesis for publication
When deciding whether to publish the work in your dissertation or thesis, first consider whether the findings tell a compelling story or answer important questions. Whereas dissertations and theses may present existing knowledge in conjunction with new work, published research should make a novel contribution to the literature. For example, some of your original research questions might be suitable for publication, and others may have been sufficiently addressed in the literature already. Likewise, some of your results may warrant additional experiments or analyses that could help answer the research questions more fully, and you may want to conduct these analyses before seeking publication.
You may also want to consider such factors as whether the current sample size provides sufficient power to adequately inform the analyses and whether additional analyses might clarify ambiguous findings. Consultation with colleagues can help evaluate the potential of the manuscript for publication as well as the selection of an appropriate journal to which to submit it. For information on selecting and prioritizing a journal (and tips for avoiding predatory or deceptive journals), see Sections 12.2 to 12.4 of the Publication Manual .
Adapting a dissertation or thesis for publication
Once a decision is made to convert your dissertation or thesis into a manuscript for submission to a journal, you will want to focus attention on adapting it for publication. By attending to brevity and focus, writing style, relevant literature review and data analyses, and appropriate interpretation of the results or findings, you can enhance the fit of your manuscript for journal publication. Editors and reviewers readily recognize an article that has been hastily converted; careful attention when reformatting the dissertation or thesis is likely to increase the manuscript’s potential for serious consideration and eventual publication.
There are several steps writers seeking to prepare their dissertation or thesis for publication can take beforehand:
- Look at articles in the field and in relevant journals to see what structure and focus are appropriate for their work and how they are formatted.
- Request and consider the input of advisors, colleagues, or other coauthors who contributed to the research on which the dissertation or thesis is based.
- Review an article submitted to a journal alongside their advisor (with permission from the journal editor) or serve as a reviewer for a student competition to gain firsthand insight into how authors are evaluated when undergoing peer review.
The original research reported in a dissertation and thesis can then be reformatted for journal submission following one of two general strategies: the multiple-paper strategy or the conversion strategy.
Multiple-paper strategy
The quickest strategy for converting (or “flipping”) a dissertation or thesis into one or more publishable articles is to use a multiple-paper format when initially writing the dissertation or thesis. This involves structuring the dissertation or thesis used to fulfill the requirements for a degree as a series of shorter papers that are already formatted for journal submission (or close to it). These papers are usually each the length of a journal article, conceptually similar, and come from the same overarching project—but can stand alone as independent research reports. Consult your university’s editorial office to confirm that this is an approved format for your dissertation or thesis and to obtain the specific guidelines.
Conversion strategy
A second strategy is to reformat and convert a dissertation or thesis into a journal article after completing your dissertation or thesis defense to fit the scope and style of a journal article. This often requires adjustments to the following elements:
- Length: Brevity is an important consideration for a manuscript to be considered for journal publication, particularly in the introduction and Discussion sections. Making a dissertation or thesis publication-ready often involves reducing a document of over 100 pages to one third of its original length. Shorten the overall paper by eliminating text within sections and/or eliminating entire sections. If the work examined several research questions, you may consider separating distinct research questions into individual papers; narrow the focus to a specific topic for each paper.
- Abstract: The abstract may need to be condensed to meet the length requirements of the journal. Journal abstract requirements are usually more limited than college or university requirements. For instance, most APA journals limit the abstract length to 250 words.
- Introduction section: One of the major challenges in reformatting a dissertation or thesis is paring down its comprehensive literature review to a more succinct one suitable for the introduction of a journal article. Limit the introductory text to material relating to the immediate context of your research questions and hypotheses. Eliminate extraneous content or sections that do not directly contribute to readers’ knowledge or understanding of the specific research question(s) or topic(s) under investigation. End with a clear description of the questions, aims, or hypotheses that informed your research.
- Method section: Provide enough information to allow readers to understand how the data were collected and evaluated. Refer readers to previous works that informed the current study’s methods or to supplemental materials instead of providing full details of every step taken or the rationale behind them.
- Results section: Be selective in choosing analyses for inclusion in the Results section and report only the most relevant ones. Although an unbiased approach is important to avoid omitting study data, reporting every analysis that may have been run for the dissertation or thesis often is not feasible, appropriate, or useful in the limited space of a journal article. Instead, ensure that the results directly contribute to answering your original research questions or hypotheses and exclude more ancillary analyses (or include them as supplemental materials). Be clear in identifying your primary, secondary, and any exploratory analyses.
- Discussion section: Adjust the discussion according to the analyses and results you report. Check that your interpretation and application of the findings are appropriate and do not extrapolate beyond the data. A strong Discussion section notes area of consensus with and divergence from previous work, taking into account sample size and composition, effect size, limitations of measurement, and other specific considerations of the study.
- References: Include only the most pertinent references (i.e., theoretically important or recent), especially in the introduction and literature review, rather than providing an exhaustive list. Ensure that the works you cite contribute to readers’ knowledge of the specific topic and to understanding and contextualizing your research. Citation of reviews and meta-analyses can guide interested readers to the broader literature while providing an economical way of referencing prior studies.
- Tables and figures: Make sure that tables or figures are essential and do not reproduce content provided in the text.
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Whether expressing your own views or actions or the views or actions of yourself and fellow authors, use the pronouns “I” and “we.”

The “outdated sources” myth
The “outdated sources” myth is that sources must have been published recently, such as the last 5 to 10 years. There is no timeliness requirement in APA Style.

APA Style JARS on the EQUATOR Network
The APA Style Journal Article Reporting Standards (APA Style JARS) have been added to the EQUATOR Network. The network aims to promote accuracy and quality in reporting of research.

APA Style JARS: Resources for instructors and students
APA Style Journal Article Reporting Standards (APA Style JARS) are a set of guidelines for papers reporting quantitative, qualitative, and mixed methods research that can be used by instructors, students, and all others reading and writing research papers.

Welcome, singular “they”
This blog post provides insight into how this change came about and provides a forum for questions and feedback.
Postgraduate Advice Forum
- Publishing before or after submitting the thesis?
PhD Discussion Forum
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Research Guides
Submit and publish your thesis.
- The Graduate Thesis: What is it?
- Thesis Defences
- Deadlines and Fees
- Formatting in MS Word
- Formatting in LaTeX
- Making Thesis Accessible
- Thesis Embargo
- Review and Release
- Your Rights as an Author
- Re-using Third Party Materials
- Creative Commons Licenses for Theses
- Turning Thesis into an Article
- Turning Thesis into a Book
- Other Venues of Publication
- Submit and Publish Your Thesis Workshops
Publishing from your thesis before or after graduation
"Will repository submission affect my publishing plans?"
... this is a common question for someone looking to publish from their thesis before or after graduation.
Most journals welcome submissions based on a thesis or dissertation. Some may have additional requirements, such as to:
- Let them know about the university’s requirement to make your thesis publicly available
- Submit a manuscript that is substantially different than the thesis content
- Embargo the thesis until after publication, etc.
Your steps will depend on the following scenarios:
Scenario 1 - you ARE NOT planning on publishing your thesis before or after graduation
In this case:
- You can submit your thesis without an embargo
- Your thesis will become publicly available in TSpace and Library and Archives Canada after your convocation and will be widely indexed via search engines and indexes
- Use the TSpace-generated permanent URL to share and cite your thesis - see example of such citation below
Tajdaran, K. (2015). Enhancement of Peripheral Nerve Regeneration with Controlled Release of Glial Cell Line-derived Neurotrophic Factor (GDNF) (Master’s Thesis, University of Toronto). Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1807/74747
Scenario 2 - You ARE planning on publishing your thesis AFTER graduation
Most journals are interested in “original, previously unpublished” research. Some journals consider theses as a form of “prior publications”, others do not, and the majority does not have a clear definition. It will be best to check journal policy before you submit your thesis.
Nature Research will consider submissions containing material that has previously formed part of a PhD or other academic thesis which has been published according to the requirements of the institution awarding the qualification.
►►►How to check journal policies:
- MIT Libraries' list of policy excerpts from major publishers
- Journal’s website - usually under Information for Authors or Copyright / Permissions or Editorial Policy; or in the publication agreement if available online
- If such information cannot be located online, contact the editors directly
- If the journal requires that you place an embargo on your thesis until after publication, see the SGS instructions on how to request an embargo on your thesis .
Scenario 3 - You ARE planning on publishing (or have already published) from your thesis BEFORE graduation
You may want or be expected to publish parts of your thesis before your thesis is submitted, such as with an integrated/publication-based/sandwich thesis. The most important thing to keep in mind here is copyright. You own copyright of your written materials, and a publisher may require copyright transfer of your manuscript.
You need to ensure you retain certain rights or obtain permission in order to satisfy the university’s requirement of making your thesis openly accessible via TSpace, ProQuest and Library and Archives Canada (LAC). For more details on these repositories, see the Review and Release section of this guide.
Check whether the journal requires prior notification about U of T’s open access requirement for theses. Some journals want to be notified of this mandate whether or not they restrict the re-use of articles in theses.
Check whether the publisher requires copyright transfer . This should be stated on their website, in the publication agreement, or you can inquire directly with the journal.
If the publisher does not require copyright transfer , i.e. author retains copyright, then you can reuse your article/chapter in your thesis; no permission needed.
If the publisher requires copyright transfer , follow these steps:
Check if the publisher has special provisions for reusing your published work in your thesis. They may permit the inclusion of a non-final version, such as your submitted or accepted manuscript. See more below on understanding different article versions for sharing .
►►►How to check journal policies: See MIT Libraries' list of policy excerpts from major publishers or the journal/publisher website.
For example, Taylor and Francis policy allows to:
Include your article Author’s Original Manuscript (AOM) or Accepted Manuscript(AM) , depending on the embargo period in your thesis or dissertation. The Version of Record cannot be used. https://authorservices.taylorandfrancis.com/copyright-and-you/
Check if the article is distributed under a Creative Commons license. This may allow re-use.
►►►How to check journal's CC license: See the journal/publisher website or contact the journal directly.
If the publisher requires copyright transfer, has no special provisions and does not publish under a CC license, you will need to contact them to request permission to include your article in your thesis. You can:
- Negotiate making the article available as part of the thesis in TSpace, ProQuest, and LAC Theses Portal;
- Request an embargo [link to Lisa’ section on embargo] if the publisher only permits open sharing after some time post-publication;
- If permission is denied you may include in place of the chapter an abstract and a link to the article on the journal website.
If you have specific questions about your situation, publisher policy or author rights, contact the Scholarly Communications and Copyright Office at [email protected] for a consultation (best before you publish!)
Understanding different versions of a published article
A publisher may distinguish between the versions of an article that you may be allowed to include in your thesis:
- Submitted manuscript / pre-print - version you initially send in (often permitted)
- Accepted manuscript / post-print - version after peer review but before copyediting, layout editing, formatting, etc. (sometimes permitted; publisher may require an embargo/access restriction for a period of time)
- Version of record / final publisher’s PDF - version that appears in the journal (many publishers do not permit sharing this version)
►►►How to check article versions permitted for sharing:
- MIT Libraries’s list of policy excerpts from major publishers
- Sherpa/RoMEO database of publisher policies
- Journal’s website - usually under Information for Authors or Copyright/Permissions or Editorial Policy; or in the publication agreement if available online
- << Previous: Creative Commons Licenses for Theses
- Next: Turning Thesis into an Article >>
- Last Updated: Feb 23, 2023 4:36 PM
- URL: https://guides.library.utoronto.ca/thesis
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Copyright & Information Policy
A campus resource on copyright, open access, and scholarly publishing, from the umass amherst libraries., can i include my published papers in my dissertation.
Many graduate students publish their research prior to finalizing their thesis or dissertation. Indeed, in some fields, dissertations are comprised of one or more papers, with little other material.
It’s confusing, therefore, when you prepare to finish your thesis or dissertation, and suddenly realize that you might have signed away your copyright! If you don’t own the copyright to your work, can you in fact include the paper in your dissertation or thesis? Good question!
First, the University does not evaluate your dissertation or thesis for copyright issues. It’s up to you to assess copyright concerns with included content, from quotes and screenshots, to your own published papers.
When you write a paper, you are the copyright owner of the manuscript. If you wrote it with other people, then you and your co-authors are the joint copyright owners of the manuscript. At that point, each author can do whatever they want with their manuscript—including transferring the copyright to someone else, or retaining it.
When you publish a paper, almost all publishers require a publication contract . That publication contract specifies whether you keep your contract, transfer it, transfer some of the copyright rights, or all of them. You can, and should, negotiate to keep all the rights you will need, including the right to include your published paper in your thesis or dissertation. (It’s standard in all academic fields to acknowledge first publication, but the format depends on the field.)
But what if you didn’t negotiate, and you transferred your copyright to the publisher? At this point, you have three real options.
(1) Campus or Funder Open Access Policy. If your work was funded by a US federal government agency, or another funder with an open access requirement, then your rights to re-use the work will almost certainly be protected. Also, if one of your co-authors is a faculty member at an institution with an open access policy (such as the Open Access policy at UMass Amherst ), then you would have rights under the OA policy. The UMass OA policy was instituted by the Faculty Senate starting in 2016, so any papers published since then would be covered. The faculty member author needs to upload the paper to the campus repository (ScholarWorks) to perfect their claim under the OA policy.
Some campuses include graduate students in their campus open access policy. At UMass, graduate students can opt in to the policy, but they must do so before publishing. You may have co-authors at other institutions, and if they have open access policies, you will probably be able to take advantage of your rights.
(2) Check your publication contract for possible rights. Many publishers specifically allow inclusion of papers in authors’ dissertations. You would need to look at your publishing agreement to see what it says. Your liaison librarians or the Copyright Education Service at the UMass Libraries can help you review those agreements and understand whether you have rights or not.
(3) Ask for permission to reprint. If you transferred the copyright, don’t have rights under an OA policy, and the publication contract you signed didn’t retain any rights for yourself, then you should probably ask for permission to reprint. The publisher may ask for a fee, depending on your field and the publication.
What about fair use? Fair use is a doctrine in copyright law that allows people to use third-party content without permission, so long as the use is a fair use (17 USC 107). (See the “fair use explainer” for more information.) All sorts of uses can be fair uses, depending on the specific facts. Fair uses can include quotations, personal copies for research, satires, indexing, and many other uses — but it always depends on the circumstances, and any of those uses might be infringing in some circumstances, and fair in others. While it is impossible to say definitively without knowing the specific circumstances, reprinting a published article in its entirety in a new work (such as a dissertation) would not usually be a good candidate for fair use.
Isn’t it just normal and expected? In some fields, it is quite conventional to use published papers as a chapter in a dissertation or thesis, either modified or as published. However, you should still check with your publisher (ideally before the work is published) to make sure you are both in agreement with this expectation.
The Library’s “Copyright Education Program” librarians are happy to talk with you if you have questions about your prior publications and your thesis or dissertation. Contact us for an appointment.

IMAGES
VIDEO
COMMENTS
You’ve spent years preparing for your master’s degree or PhD. You’ve read, studied and spent hours of time and energy writing papers. Now you’ve arrived at the culmination of all this effort: writing your thesis.
A good thesis statement is a single sentence contained in the introduction of a paper that provides the reader with some idea of what the writer is trying to convey in the body of the paper. The thesis statement is a condensed summary of th...
Statistical treatment in a thesis is a way of removing researcher bias by interpreting the data statistically rather than subjectively. Giving a thesis statistical treatment also ensures that all necessary data has been collected.
It is an accepted practice to use your previously published papers in your thesis. In fact, many institutions encourage their students to
Answer: You ask if you can publish your PhD thesis (entirely or draft) before submitting it. Yes, a part of the thesis in a chosen research journal.
The answer to question (1) seems to me to be 'obviously yes', though it may make sense to check with your committee first. After all, suppose
You should try to publish before you finish your thesis. An idea in a published paper will be recognized as yours, there are more chances of
Some publishers allow students to retain certain rights, which might include reprinting the whole paper or part of the paper in a thesis. This should be
In certain disciplines, it is considered preferable to publish one's works when the research is complete rather than to delay publication until a dissertation
Some publishing agreements specifically allow for re-publication in a dissertation. Others may state a certain time period before you can republish.
A completed dissertation or thesis is often submitted (with modifications) as a manuscript for publication in a scholarly journal. Thus, the dissertation or
There are pros and cons of waiting to publish or publishing during your thesis. Publishing during your thesis can be time consuming and take you
Publishing from your thesis before or after graduation · Let them know about the university's requirement to make your thesis publicly available
Many graduate students publish their research prior to finalizing their thesis or dissertation. Indeed, in some fields, dissertations are comprised of one